The Confederacy occupied a large territory where they hunted and foraged in the 19th century it was divided by the current Canada–US international border. The band was the basic unit of organization for hunting and defence. They later allied with the unrelated Tsuu T'ina ("Sarcee"), who became merged into the Confederacy and, (for a time) with the Atsina, or A'aninin ( Gros Ventre).Įach of these highly decentralized peoples were divided into many bands, which ranged in size from 10 to 30 lodges, or about 80 to 240 persons. The three were the Piikáni (historically called "Piegan Blackfeet" in English-language sources), the Káínaa (called "Bloods"), and the Siksikáwa ("Blackfoot"). Originally the Blackfoot/Plains Confederacy consisted of three peoples ("nation", "tribes", "tribal nations") based on kinship and dialect, but all speaking the common language of Blackfoot, one of the Algonquian languages family. The nations have their own separate governments ruled by a head chief, but regularly come together for religious and social celebrations. The four Blackfoot nations come together to make up what is known as the Blackfoot Confederacy, meaning that they have banded together to help one another. 2.5 First contact with Europeans and the fur trade.Additionally, the Gros Ventre are members of the federally recognized Fort Belknap Indian Community of the Fort Belknap Reservation of Montana in the United States and the Tsuutʼina Nation is a First Nation band government in Alberta, Canada. ![]() Today, three Blackfoot First Nation band governments (the Siksika, Kainai, and Piikani Nations) reside in the Canadian province of Alberta, while the Blackfeet Nation is a federally recognized Native American tribe of Southern Piikani in Montana, United States. The Blackfoot used these to expand their territory at the expense of neighboring tribes. In the first half of the 18th century, they acquired horses and firearms from white traders and their Cree and Assiniboine go-betweens. They followed the bison herds as they migrated between what are now the United States and Canada, as far north as the Bow River. Historically, the member peoples of the Confederacy were nomadic bison hunters and trout fishermen, who ranged across large areas of the northern Great Plains of western North America, specifically the semi-arid shortgrass prairie ecological region. Broader definitions include groups such as the Tsúùtínà ( Sarcee) and A'aninin ( Gros Ventre) who spoke quite different languages but allied with or joined the Blackfoot Confederacy. The Blackfoot Confederacy, Niitsitapi or Siksikaitsitapi ( ᖹᐟᒧᐧᒣᑯ, meaning "the people" or " Blackfoot-speaking real people" ), is a historic collective name for linguistically related groups that make up the Blackfoot or Blackfeet people: the Siksika ("Blackfoot"), the Kainai or Blood ("Many Chiefs"), and two sections of the Peigan or Piikani ("Splotchy Robe") – the Northern Piikani ( Aapátohsipikáni) and the Southern Piikani ( Amskapi Piikani or Pikuni).
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